Gambling 101
Gambling is the wagering of something of value (money, property or other assets) on an uncertain event with a random outcome. Historically, the term “gambling” has referred to games that involve skill but today gambling most often refers to activities in which a person’s chances of winning are determined by chance rather than by the exercise of skills.
People gamble for many reasons. For some, gambling is a social activity they engage in with friends to pass the time. Others are motivated to win money for personal or family needs. Still others may be compelled to gamble because of the rush or “high” that it can provide them with. It is important to distinguish between these different types of gambling and the more serious problem of pathological gambling (PG).
PG is a complex disorder that affects about 0.1-4.6% of Americans. It is characterized by maladaptive patterns of behavior that result in significant problems in multiple areas of functioning (e.g., finances, work, relationships, education and personal well-being). People with PG are at risk for developing more severe problems, and they usually start gambling during adolescence or young adulthood. Pathological gambling can also co-occur with other mental health conditions, such as depression or anxiety disorders.
There is a wide range of treatments available for PG. Psychodynamic therapy helps people understand how unconscious processes influence their behavior and can lead to self-destructive behaviors. Cognitive behavioral therapy teaches people new coping strategies and can help them modify their thinking so they don’t feel as strong a need to gamble. Family and group therapy can be valuable for those whose relationships with their family have been damaged by their gambling problems.
The reclassification of pathological gambling as an addictive disorder, along with a reduction in the number of diagnostic criteria, is based on advances in neuroscience research that show the brain’s reward system is affected by addiction. The decision also reflects the high comorbidity of PG with other disorders and the importance of early identification and intervention (American Psychiatric Association 2000).
If you or someone you know has a gambling problem, there are steps that can be taken to help. Seek professional help from a mental health counselor or other licensed professional. Try group therapy or find a support group, such as Gamblers Anonymous, that follows a 12-step program similar to that of Alcoholics Anonymous. Attempt to learn healthier ways to relieve unpleasant emotions and boredom, such as exercising, spending time with friends who don’t gamble, or taking up new hobbies. If possible, seek residential treatment or rehabilitation programs for those with severe gambling problems who cannot stop their habits without round-the-clock support. Be patient, as it will take time to overcome a gambling problem. Don’t give up if you have a relapse; just get back on track and keep working toward recovery. Your efforts will pay off in the end!
Gambling is the wagering of something of value (money, property or other assets) on an uncertain event with a random outcome. Historically, the term “gambling” has referred to games that involve skill but today gambling most often refers to activities in which a person’s chances of winning are determined by chance rather than by the…